Detailed Description |
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A detailed account book listing the raising and distribution of founds for the Halukkah in Erez Israel for the years 1855 through 1856. the title apge begins with the heading “Bet Yisrael ‘wholly a right seed’ (Jeremiah 2:21) and is entitled Ot Emet, that is, “wholly a right seed” (Joshua 2:12). It is divided into three parts listing the money received, dedicated, and all the money raised for the years. Within the pamphlet are detailed accountings by date from whom money was raised and the amounts. There are also listings of expenditures. Ot Emet, bound in its original wrappers, gives an unusually detailed insight to the workings of the Halukkah.
Halukkah was the financial allowance for the support of the inhabitants of Erez Israel from the contributions of their coreligionists in the Diaspora. The halukkah was based on the conviction that Erez Israel held the central position in the religious and national consciousness of the people. This population is not to be considered as any other entity of Jews, but rather as the representative of the whole Jewish people, the guardian of all that is sacred in the Holy Land; in this role it merits the support of the whole people. The Jews, in the lands of their dispersion, both communities and individuals, were conscious of their duty toward the yishuv and considered their support of it as an act of identification with it. The Amsterdam center, which was reorganized at the beginning of the 19th century under the leadership of Zevi Hirsch Lehren (1784–1853), was of great importance. It appointed collectors in the important communities of Western Europe and received annual pledges from them. These funds were then distributed between the various communities of Palestine, according to a fixed scale and with the consent of the leaders of the yishuv. The halukkah was a decisive factor in the existence and the development of the Jewish population in Palestine. Its importance grew during the 19th century, when immigration reached serious proportions. At that time Palestine was economically poor and was ruled by a retarded and corrupt government. Under these circumstances the yishuv could not have existed, much less have grown, had it not been organized within the framework of the kolelim, who provided for their people and gathered money from abroad. The kolelim, who were responsible for the halukkah distributions, played an important role in the development of urban settlement, especially outside the walls of the Old City in Jerusalem. The Jewish quarters, which were built after 1869 on the initiative of the kolel leaders, were an important factor in the territorial expansion of the Jewish population of Jerusalem. The Jewish population in the other three "holy cities" -Hebron, Safed, and Tiberias - also was essentially reliant on the halukkah. |
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... בו... הרשאות אשר קבלנו אנחנו פקידי ואמרכלי ערי הקדש... יושבי עיר... אמשטרדם... מכל הכוללים... אשר בארבעת ערי הקדש ירושלם, צפת, חברון וטבריא... לחזק את ידינו (בו [גם]... חשבון כסף הקדשים, אשר קבלנו... לשם סתם ארץ ישראל... מאושר מאת הרבנים... יצחק דוב הלוי [באמבערגער] ... ווירצבורג... אברהם אדלער... אשאפפענבורג... מאיר פייכטוואנג ... יטינגען... ומו"ה אלעזר דוב אטטענזאססער ... רב... בק"ק האכשבערג... ובסופו בארנו... דברי החשבון... סדר החלוקה...
חלק ד: חשבון כסף הקדשים... תרט"ו... חשבון כללי... תרט"ו... חשבון הנדבה החדשה... למן א כסלו... ועד כד אלול תרט"ז. דפוס ישראל לעוויססאן פירמא דוד פרופס כ"ץ, תרט"ז. [1], כ עמ'.
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