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Bidding Information
Lot #    18458
Auction End Date    7/10/2007 11:05:30 AM (mm/dd/yyyy)
          
Title Information
Title (English)    Pe'at ha-Shulhan
Title (Hebrew)    פאת השלחן
Author    [First Ed.] R. Israel b. Samuel of Shklov
City    Safed
Publisher    Israel b. Abraham Bak
Publication Date    1836
          
Collection Information
Independent Item    This listing is an independent item not part of any collection
          
Description Information
Physical
Description		    First edition. [5], 2-109, [1] ff., 306:202 mm., wide margins, light age and damp staining, final 2 ff. with margin repairs. A very good copy bound in modern cloth boards.
          
Detailed
Description		    On laws applying in Erez Israel, which had been omitted from the Shulhan Arukh. Includes first edition commentaries of the Vilna Gaon. R. Israel b. Samuel of Shklov (d. 1839), talmudic scholar of Lithuania and, later, in Erez Israel, where he was leader of the "Kolel ha-Perushim," the local community of the disciples of R. Elijah b. Solomon Zalman, the Vilna Gaon. R. Israel was born and brought up in Shklov. Although he studied under the Vilna Gaon for only six months before the latter's death, he was nevertheless entrusted with the preparation of the Gaon's commentaries for publication. In 1809 he joined the third group of the Gaon's pupils, led by R. Hayyim b. Tobiah, that immigrated to Erez Israel and settled in Safed, where there were already 40 families from the two previous groups. Within less than a year of his arrival he was sent by the Kolel ha-Perushim to Lithuania to organize permanent assistance for the immigrants. During the course of this mission, which proved extremely successful, he published the notes of the Vilna Gaon on the tractate Shekalim of the Jerusalem Talmud together with a commentary of his own under the title of Taklin Hadtin (Minsk, 1812). Though caught up in the Napoleonic wars which had meanwhile reached Russia, he succeeded in returning to Safed at the beginning of 1813. In the summer of that year, seeking to escape a plague which broke out in Safed, Israel and his family set out for Jerusalem. His wife died on the journey, his two sons, two of his daughters, and his son-in-law died in Jerusalem, and his father and mother at Safed and only he and his youngest daughter survived. In 1816, after having returned to Safed, R. Israel was chosen to succeed R. Menahem Mendel of Shklov, the leader of the Kolel ha-Perushim there, when the latter moved to Jerusalem. R. Israel served as head of the community, which now numbered 600, first in Safed and later in Jerusalem. He organized assistance from abroad, maintained amicable relations with the hasidic and Sephardi communities, represented his community before the authorities, and established good relations with the Arabs. Reports having reached Safed in 1830 of the existence of Jewish tribes in Yemen, he sent a special envoy there to search for remnants of the Ten Tribes. When Israel Bak opened a Hebrew printing house in Safed in 1832, he entrusted him with the printing of his Pe'at ha-Shulhan. The work did not appear until 1836, its printing having been interrupted by an attack by the Arabs of Upper Galilee on the Jews of Safed. R. Israel organized help for those who had suffered from the attack, which lasted for 33 days and in the course of which much Jewish property was looted. On the first day of 1837 an earthquake killed more than 2,000 Jews in Safed. R. Israel was then in Jerusalem, and upon hearing of the disaster he immediately sent help to Safed and letters to Jews abroad soliciting their aid for the stricken. Safed having been reduced to rubble, R. Israel for the last two years of his life lived, like most of the refugees from the earthquake, in Jerusalem. Louis Loewe, who met him there, related that on the Sabbath R. Israel spoke only Hebrew. His health failing, R. Israel went in 1839 to Tiberias where he died. His grave and tombstone were discovered in Tiberias in 1964. R. Israel's diary has been partially preserved, as have numerous letters which he wrote to people abroad. They constitute important sources for the history of the Jewish settlement in Erez Israel during the first half of the 19th century.
          
Paragraph 2    והוא סוף וסיום לארבע שלחן ערוך אשר נחסר בסדרי השלחנות אלו הלכות מהלכות א"י והם הלכות פאה... לקט... שכחה... מ"ע [מעשר עני]... דמאי... שביעית. ועוד כמה דיני א"י הנוהגים, ומבואר פנימה לשון רבינו הרמב"ם ז"ל [משנה תורה, ספר זרעים, הלכות מתנות עניים והלכות שמיטה] וניתוסף הרבה הגהות דינים מרבותינו הצרפתי'... וש"פ [ושאר פוסקים] וכמה הלכות מתוספתא וירושלמי... וגם שיטות... וגירסאות... בסדר זרעים ירושלמי ממרן... רבינו אליהו... מווילנא, וסדרתי' בקצרה בלשון שלחן ערוך ומצידו ביאור ארוך...בשם בית ישראל... חיברתיו אני... ישראל (בן... מ' שמואל זלה"ה בן... ר' עזריאל... בן... מ' משה ברכה... ב"א של הרב... ר' מנחם מענדיל... האב"ד ור"מ דכל מדינת רוסייא) ... מעה"ק צפת... ע"י התאמצות והשגחת... מו' שמעי' נ"י במו' ישכר בער הלוי...

דף [3,ב]: הקדמתי בהתחלתו בשלשה סימני הלכות א"י מליקוטי חיבורי הרמב"ם וגאוני' וחידושי דינים אשר לא נדפסו. דף [5,ב]: הודאה רבה ומודעה רבה על גרמא בנזקין... עיכובא משך גמר הדפסת ספר זה משנת תקצ"ג עד תקצ"ו: ומסיפור המאורע יוודע הכל... בשנת צדקת [תקצ"ד]... מרדו... שכנים הרעים אשר בעירינו וכפרים בשר המושל בכל ארץ מצרים וא"י... ויבואו על העיר... להשמיד ולהרוג ... ויבוזו משך שלשה ושלשים יום ולילה... ויחרבו כל הדפוס ושללוהו ויבטלוהו...

הסכמות: רבני ירושלים: ר' שלמה משה סוזין ור' שלמה יצחק מיוחס , ח אדר-ב תקפ"ו; רבני צפת: ר' אברהם אנהורי, ר' חיים יוסף צרפתי ור' ניסים זרחיא ב"ר [צ"ל: נכד] חיד"א [חיים יוסף דוד אזולאי], שבט תקצ"ו; ר' יוסף דוד אבולעפיא, טברי', תקפ"ו; ר' משה [ב"ר] חיים, בבל (בגדת), שבט תקצ"א; ר' משה סופר, פרעשבורג, ח [מנחם-]אב תקצ"ד; ר' אברהם אבלי ב"ר אברהם שלמה [פאסוואלער], ווילנא, כו אייר תקצ"ה; ר' אברהם ב"ר יצחק ענתבי ור' עזרה ישועה הכהן, ארם צובה, שלהי אלול תקפ"ו.

          
Reference
Description		    CD-EPI 0150202; EJ; A. Yaari, Sinai, 5 (1939), 52–65; idem., Iggerot Erez Yisrael (1943), 324–63, 404, 550–1; Yaari, Sheluhei, 674, 757–9
        
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Listing Classification
Period
19th Century:    Checked
  
Location
Israel:    Checked
  
Subject
Halacha:    Checked
  
Characteristic
First Editions:    Checked
Language:    Hebrew
  
Manuscript Type
  
Kind of Judaica