R. Moses Blau (1885–1946) was an Agudat Israel leader; brother of R. Amram Blau. R. Moses Blau, who was born in Jerusalem, directed the Agudat Israel office there from 1924 until his death. He served as a member of the movement's world executive and edited its weekly Kol Yisrael ("Voice of Israel"). From 1933 to 1945 he headed the independent, ultra-Orthodox Edah Haredit (Orthodox community). Despite the community's segregation policy, he cooperated with yishuv leaders in representing Jewish interests in dealings with the Mandate government. R. Blau represented Agudat Israel before various British and international commissions which dealt with the Palestine problem. In 1946, while on a rescue mission to Jewish survivors of the war, R. Blau fell ill and died in Messina. He was taken to Jerusalem for burial. He wrote Ammuda di-Nehora ("Column of Light," 1932), a biography of Rabbi Y. H. Sonnenfeld, and Al Homotayikh Yerushalayim ("Upon thy Walls, O Jerusalem," 1946), autobiographical notes and memoirs.

R. Amram Blau (1894–1974), rabbi, leader of the ultra-Orthodox sect Neturei Karta. R. Blau was born in Jerusalem into a noted religious family. He was a leading member of the Agudat Israel youth movement in the early 1930s. R. Blau and some of his colleagues left the movement in 1935 and founded the extreme anti-Zionist Hevrat Hayyim, later to become Neturei Karta. His fierce opposition to Zionism and Agudat Israel, sometimes expressed violently, led on several occasions to his prosecution and imprisonment. His anti-Zionist attitude did not change with the establishment of the State of Israel (1948), which he refused to recognize. In 1965, after the death of his first wife, he married a proselyte, Ruth Ben-David, despite the opposition of the ultra-Orthodox bet din and some of his followers.