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Bidding Information
Lot #    21804
Auction End Date    11/18/2008 10:16:00 AM (mm/dd/yyyy)
          
Title Information
Title (English)    Sha'arei Dura
Title (Hebrew)    שערי דורא
Author    R. Isaac b. Meir Dueren
City    Jessnitz
Publisher    Israel b. Abraham
Publication Date    1724
          
Collection Information
Independent Item    This listing is an independent item not part of any collection
          
Description Information
Physical
Description		    First edition of commentary. [3], 66, 8 ff., 404:237 mm., usual age staining, extra wide margins, old hands and stamp, few minor paper repairs. A very good copy bound in later boards, rubbed.
          
Detailed
Description		    Sha'arei Dura (Issur ve-Hetter shel Rabbi Yizhak mi-Dura, She'arim mi-Dura, Dura, etc.), which deals with the laws of forbidden food and of menstruant women, with commentary by R. Moses Auerbach. The book, based wholly upon the traditions of Germany and France, became the basis of halakhah in this difficult sector, exerting a decisive influence upon all Ashkenazi halakhic authorities after him from the Aguddah of R. Alexander Suslin ha-Kohen through Terumat ha-Deshen of R. Israel Isserlein until Torat Hattat of R. Moses Isserles. The early halakhic authorities guided themselves by the rule that R. Isaac was to be followed in issur ve-hetter even when he was lenient, although the rule did not apply to terefot (Pesakim u-Khetavim, no. 215). Sha'arei Dura was first published in Cracow in 1534. Since then it has been republished many times with the addition of many glosses and commentaries by the greatest talmudists in each generation, among them R. Israel Isserlein, R. Solomon Luria, R. Elijah Loans, and R. Nathan Spiro. These glosses, as well as those of the scholars who preceded R. Israel Isserlein, were sometimes indiscriminately incorporated into the text, so that it is difficult, without the aid of manuscripts, to determine the original content of the book. The book was regarded with such sanctity that R. Hayyim b. Bezalel, brother of R. Judah Loew of Prague, complains about R. Moses Isserles' daring to deviate in his Torat Hattat from the order of Sha'arei Dura.

R. Isaac b. Meir Dueren (second half of 13th century), German halakhic authority on the laws of issur ve-hetter. R. Isaac's surname Dueren derives from the town of that name in Germany. In his youth he studied under R. Tobias b. Elijah of Vienne in France. The period of Dueren's activity has hitherto been uncertain owing to the possibility of his having been confused with other contemporary local scholars of the same name. His date however can now be determined with some precision. Not only does Israel Isserlein state (Pesakim u-Khetavim, no. 215) that R. Meir b. Baruch of Rothenburg is to be regarded as a batrai ("a later authority") compared with Dueren. He also wrote tosafot to Gittin and Kiddushin.

The printer, Israel ben Abraham, was a proselyte who began printing in Koethen. In order for him to print in Koethen it was necessary for the city to accommodate his Jewish workers. Since they were not allowed to reside in the city, Israel ben Abraham left Koethen for Jessnitz, where he did not face the same obstacles.

          
Paragraph 2    ... נדפס... מכמה מאות שנים [! לובלין של"ד]... ועתה העיר ה' את רוח... ר' משה (אויערבך) יצ"ו ממעזריטש ולע"ע מתושבי... דעסוי והמדינה... ונוסף עליו (חידושים) כתיבת ידי ... מהר"ם [ר' מרדכי] יפה... מהר"ם [ר' משה אויערבך] הנ"ל... הוציא הס'... לאורו... והוגה... הוסיף בסוף הספר קצת חידושיו...

חידושי המו"ל (ח דף): על מסכת ברכות ושבת - חידושי אגדות, על מסכת פסחים וכתובות - חידושי הלכה תוספות. השער בתוך מסגרת מצוירת הזהה למסגרת השער בספר זית רענן, דעסויא תמ"ו (קפלן 195) ובשוליו: Cum Licentia Serenissimi. בישיבת פוניבז' בבני ברק טופס עם שער שונה. המסגרת הוחלפה בפשוטה יותר ונוסח השער באותיות מוגדלות. השורה בלאטינית הושמטה, וכן נשמטו הברכה לדוכס וכמה מתאריו. ידועים טפסים על קלף.

הסכמות: ר' יחיאל מיכל ב"ר יהודא ליב, ברלין, טו טבת תפ"ד; ר' צבי הירש ב"ר נפתלי הירץ [אשכנזי], הלברשטט, ו טבת תפ"ד; ר' יוסף יצחק ב"ר גרשון, דעסויא, יז טבת תפ"ד.

          
Reference
Description		    CD-EPI 0178204; EJ
        
Associated Images
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Listing Classification
Period
  
18th Century:    Checked
  
Location
Germany:    Checked
  
Subject
Halacha:    Checked
  
Characteristic
First Editions:    Checked
Language:    Hebrew
  
Manuscript Type
  
Kind of Judaica