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Bidding Information
Lot #    22906
Auction End Date    3/3/2009 11:06:49 AM (mm/dd/yyyy)
          
Title Information
Title (English)    Customs of Frankfurt
Title (Hebrew)    מנהגי פרנקפורט
Author    [Ms. - Customs]
City    Frankfurt
Publication Date    c. 1800
          
Collection Information
Independent Item    This listing is an independent item not part of any collection
          
Description Information
Physical
Description		    [16] pp., 174:110 mm., light age staining, neat Ashkenazic script, ink on paper, bound in contemporary wrappers.
          
Detailed
Description		    The customs of Frankfurt recorded by the son of R. Jacob of Pozen. Reports and legends about Jews residing in Frankfurt go back to the earliest period in the city's history. Frankfurt was an important trading center, and Jewish merchants probably visited its annual fall fairs. In 1074 Emperor Henry IV mentions Frankfurt among the towns where the Jews of Worms were permitted to trade without having to pay customs dues. During the 12th century Frankfurt had an organized and flourishing community, though still numerically small. Financial transactions and tax payments by Frankfurt Jews at that time are frequently mentioned: Eliezer b. Nathan of Mainz makes repeated reference to the presence of Jewish merchants in Frankfurt. In 1241 the Jewish houses were demolished by the populace and over three-quarters of the approximately 200 Jews of Frankfurt were massacred. Among the victims were three rabbis, including the hazzan; many of the survivors accepted baptism. A special prayer for the martyrs has been retained in the liturgy for the Ninth of Av of the West German congregations. Subsequently Frederick II appointed a commission of inquiry, since the outbreak was an infringement of his imperial prerogative and interests. It apparently originated in a dispute over the forced conversion of a Jew. The city of Frankfurt was ultimately granted a royal pardon. The safety of the Frankfurt Jews was guaranteed and heavy penalties were ordered against Jew-baiters.
          
Reference
Description		    EJ
        
Associated Images
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Listing Classification
Period
  
18th Century:    Checked
  
Location
Germany:    Checked
  
Subject
Customs:    Checked
  
Characteristic
Language:    Hebrew
  
Manuscript Type
Other:    Book
  
Kind of Judaica