R. Ephraim ben Israel Alnaqua (Alnucawi, Ankava, Ankoa; called Rab in Africa) was a physician, rabbi, and theological writer; founder of the Jewish community at Tlemçen, North Africa, in which place he died in 1442. According to a legend, Alnaqua escaped from the Spanish Inquisition, which had martyred his father and mother at the stake, and came to Africa mounted on a lion, using a serpent as a halter. Azulai refers to him as a miracle-worker. Alnaqua succeeded, after all other physicians had failed, in curing the only daughter of a king of the family Beni Zion. Refusing the reward of gold and silver offered him by the king, he begged only that the Jews living near Tlemçen might be united in it. In this way the community was formed. Alnaqua's first care was to establish a large synagogue: this is still in existence, and bears his name. Above the rabbi's chair, on which the verse Jer. xvii. 12 is engraved, a lamp burns perpetually. Alnaqua's grave, surrounded by those of his family, is in the old cemetery: it is sacred to North African Jews, and is frequently visited by pilgrims from all Algeria. R. Alnaqua had two sons, Israel and Judah. The latter lived at Oran, Mostaganem, and, later, at Tlemçen, and became the father-in-law of Ẓemah Duran. He also wrote religious hymns.

על השגות הרמב"ן בפירושו לתורה על ספר "מורה נבוכים" לרמב"ם. עמ' 24-32: שני מכתבים, "הגהות והשגות" על "פתח השער" ושיר בשבח הספר, מאת ר' יצחק מרעלי, ותשובת המחבר עליהם.