The title of this dictionary of Judeo-German trading expressions century translates as 'Secret trading language of the Jews.' The main part lists Judeo-German numbers from 1 to 200,000, followed by a German/Judeo-German ('Deutsch-Hebraeisch') and a Judeo- German/German ('Hebraeisch-Deutsch') dictionary, a list of Jewish holidays, days of the week and a collection of sayings. Especially noteworthy are several addenda with strong anti-Semitic undertones: a dialogue between Jews in a pseudo-Judeo-German slang about this dictionary; a poem dedicated to the merits of garlic; a poem in a Franconian dialect about the three most important words for Jews (freedom, money, haggling); and two short stories with a reference to the anti-Semitic Das Schabbesgaertle (which was published in pseudo-Judeo-German slang by 'Itzig Feitel Stern'). Due to centuries-long legal restrictions in many professions, Jews had became particularly noteworthy in various marginal branches of trading. Traditionally they focused on textiles, secondhand products and metal goods. In rural areas, where Jews were not allowed to possess land and work as farmers prior to their emancipation, many instead made a living as cattle dealers or traders of agricultural products. At the end of the nineteenth century most rural Jews still made their living by trading livestock and agricultural products such as grains, legumes, fat, eggs and butter. In the Weimar Republic many cattle and produce traders continued to do business with farmers in the traditional way, i.e., relying on verbal agreements rather than written contracts. They often advised their customers on other financial subjects as well. The language of rural Jewish traders consisted of a mixture of the local dialect and Hebrew expressions. The latter were also understood by non-Jewish traders. This popular, pocket-sized dictionary was published anonymously in various editions in Franconia (part of Bavaria) around the turn of the century. It symbolizes the important intermediary role of Jews in the agriculture trade. 'Itzig Feitel Stern,' author of Das Schabbesgaertle, is assumed to have been a pseudonym for Johann Friedrich Sigmund Freiherr von Holzschuher (1796-1861), who published numerous anti-Semitic pamphlets of this nature, as well as a similar dictionary (Lexikon der juedischen Geschaefts-und Umgangssprache, 1858).