19:47:23
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Bidding Information
Lot #
4148
Auction End Date
4/1/2003 11:00:00 AM (mm/dd/yyyy)
Title Information
Title (English)
The Charter Documents of a European
Title (Hebrew)
Jewish Community
Author
[Ms. - Community]
City
Galati, Romania
Publication Date
1923
Collection Information
Independent Item
This listing is an independent item not part of any collection
Description Information
Physical
Description
20 plus doucments, variously age and damp stained, bound in red cloth boards embossed in gild, dampstained.
Detailed
Description
The charter and founding documents for a government authorized Jewish community in Galati, Romania. All documents are signed and sealed by the various agencies involved in the process that appears to have taken two years to complete. The community regulations in Judeo-German are included on a parchment foldout. Galati (Ger. Galatz), is a port on the River Danube, in Moldavia, eastern Rumania. Jews first settled there at the end of the 16th century. There are Jewish tombstones dating from between 1590 and 1595. A second cemetery was established in 1629 and a third in 1774. Until the beginning of the 18th century the hevra kaddisha was responsible for the communal administration. Following a blood libel in 1796, outrages were perpetrated against the Jews. In 1812 Greek revolutionaries, who entered the town, set fire to several synagogues, and in 1842 there were renewed attacks on the community by local Greeks. In 1846 anti-Jewish outbreaks again occurred in which synagogues were looted and Jewish houses and shops were destroyed. In 1859, in a similar attack, many Jews were killed. In 1867 a number of Jews among those expelled from the country drowned in the Danube near Galati: the catastrophe provoked a storm of protest throughout Europe. The Jewish population numbered 14,500 in 1894, 12,000 in 1910 (22% of the total), 19,912 in 1930 (20%), and 13,000 in 1942. Jewish artisans and merchants contributed considerably to the city's economic and commercial development. Before World War II the community had 22 synagogues, a secondary school, two elementary schools for boys and one for girls, a kindergarten, a trade school, a hospital, an orphanage, an old-age home, and two ritual bathhouses. There was also a cultural-religious society, a Zionist society, a youth organization Ze'irei Zion, and a "culture" club.
Associated Images
7 Images
(Click thumbnail to view full size image)
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Listing Classification
Period
20th Century:
Checked
Location
Other:
Romania
Subject
History:
Checked
Other:
Community
Characteristic
Language:
Romanian, Judeo-German
Manuscript Type
Letters:
Checked
Kind of Judaica
