Psalms with a Dutch translation in parallel columns.

R. Samuel Israel Mulder (1792–1862), educator and Hebrew author, born in Amsterdam. He was a pupil of David Friedrichsfeld and, influenced by him, became a follower of Mendelssohn and Wessely. As a youth he signed himself "Salomon" or "Schrijver" [ = "writer"] receiving the surname Mulder only in 1811. In 1818 he became an official court translator, and in 1826 was appointed principal of the bet ha-midrash, the seminary for rabbis and teachers in Amsterdam. From 1835 he served as the superintendent of all Jewish religious schools in Holland, and from 1849 was secretary of the Amsterdam community. Mulder translated into Dutch a large part of the Bible (1827–38), the Passover Haggadah (1837), and the liturgy. He also published a Bible for Jewish youth in 17 parts (1850–55) in Dutch, and a Hebrew-Dutch Dictionary (1831; with M. Lemans). Some of his writings in Dutch are collected in his Verspreide Lettervruchten (1844). In his youth, Mulder helped to found the Tongeleth (To'elet) circle (a Haskalah society) in Amsterdam in 1815; he was also active as a writer in Hebrew. He published in 1817 the Kizzur Rishumei ha-Asefot, a summary of the minutes of meetings held in the first year of the society's existence, and contributed to its publication.