Eduard Kley (Israel; 1789–1867), German pedagogue and Reform preacher. Orphaned at an early age, Kley studied Talmud at Breslau and then became tutor to the Beer family of Berlin. There he preached in Israel Jacobson's private temple and associated with L. Zunz, Auerbach, and other reformers. In 1817–18 he and C. S. Ginsburg published in Berlin Die deutsche Synagoge, which proposed a complete liturgy in German. Moving to Hamburg as director of the Jewish free school there, Kley preached in the Hamburg Temple, delivering sermons on Sunday and introducing the organ and a choir. He composed numerous hymns imbued with prevalent Romantic themes. Considered one of the leading preachers of his day, Kley published many collections of his hymns and sermons, which were indebted to F. Schleiermacher and other Protestant preachers. Kley stressed the devotional aspect of religion in his sermons and held that the essence of Judaism was exemplified in the three fundamental principles of Joseph Albo - belief in the existence of G-d, belief in revelation, and belief in divine retribution.

Gotthold Salomon (1784–1862), German preacher and reformer. After receiving a thoroughly Orthodox education, at the age of 16 Salomon was sent to Dessau, where he was influenced by modern trends. He then became a teacher and preached his first sermon there in 1806. A frequent contributor to Sulamith, he also vigorously answered the anti-Semitic writings of the professors C. F. Ruehs and J. F. Fries in 1817 (in 1843 he answered Bruno Bauer). Two years later he was called to the pulpit of the Hamburg Reform temple, where he collaborated with E. Kley. His reputation as a preacher had been established by a collection of sermons (Auswahl mehrerer Predigten; 1816), the first of a voluminous series. Salomon's sermons, modeled, like those of other preachers, on Protestant examples, were praised by his contemporaries, notably H. Heine. When in 1841 Isaac Bernays banned the prayer book he had composed, Salomon defended his position in the subsequent fierce controversy (Das neue Gebetbuch..., 1841). He vigorously supported the rabbinical assemblies of the mid-1840s in Brunswick, Frankfort, and Breslau.