Tripoli, port city of Libya. Tripoli was built by the Phoenicians in the seventh century B.C.E. They called the town Wiat (Latin Oea). Together with its two neighbors, Sabratha and Leptis (Homs), the town was included in the Greek designation Tripolis (i.e., three towns); they all paid tribute to Carthage. There is little information available on the Jews of Tripoli during the Roman and Byzantine periods. A Roman road map from the fourth century indicates a Jewish locality named Scina (or Iscina) Locus Judaeorum Augusti ("Scina, locality of Jews belonging to the emperor") in the vicinity of Oea. They were probably captives. Converts from Libya are mentioned at the end of the fourth century (TJ, Kil. 8:3). There was also a Jewish community in Oea during the fifth century.

The sources for the Arab period are also very scarce. During the second half of the 11th century, there was a bet din in Tripoli which was independent of the Palestinian one. The Jewish community suffered greatly under the rules of Spain and the Knights of Malta (1510–51), but prospered again with the Turkish conquest when many Jews from the small rural communities settled in Tripoli. It seems that at the end of the 16th century descendants of the Spanish Jews expelled from Christian Europe settled in Tripoli; during the 17th century they were joined by Jews from Leghorn. During the reign of the Turkish Qaramanli dynasty, Tripoli became a haven for Jewish refugees from Tunis (1756) and Algiers (1805). Jews played an important role in the trade with Europe and the African continent, while others held diplomatic and consular positions. In 1705 and 1793 the Jews of Tripoli were saved from the danger of extermination by foreign invaders and two local Purim days were fixed to commemorate these events.

השער בדיו ירוקה ואדומה. (א): [4], תפח עמ'. שייך לימים שעד ובכלל ליל יום הכיפורים. [ב]: [4], רכד, [3] עמ'. בחלק ב סליחות ליום הכיפורים בלבד. הוצאה קודמת: ליוורנו תקצ"ז. כאן נשמטה הקדמת ר' שאול הכהן וההסכמה.