Responsa of the geonim, printed from manuscript by R. Jacob Mussafia. The geonim were recognized by the Jews as the highest authority of instruction from the end of the sixth century or somewhat later to the middle of the 11th. In the 10th and 11th centuries the title of gaon was also used by the heads of academies in Erez Israel. In the 12th and 13th centuries—after the geonic period in the exact sense of the term—the title gaon was also used by the heads of academies in Baghdad, Damascus, and Egypt. Apparently, the term gaon was shortened from rosh yeshivat ge'on Ya'akov (cf. "the pride of Jacob," Ps. 47:4).

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Divan by R. Judah HaLevi (1086-1145), the greatest Hebrew poet of his time. Born in Toledo, the capital of Castile, Judah studied with the famous rabbinic scholar, Isaac Alfasi. In addition to mastering biblical Hebrew, Arabic and the intricacies of the Talmud, Judah explored the physical sciences, philosophy, and metaphysics. He was especially proficient at writing poetry, and soon he attracted the attention of the great poet Moses Ibn Ezra. It wasn't long before his fame spread throughout the Jewish communities of Spain. Because Cordoba was the cultural capital of Spanish Jewry, HaLevi migrated there. As he matured, Judah HaLevi found his voice as Israel's sweetest singer. He left behind an abundance of synagogue liturgy and nationalistic poems. Since he lived at the time of the first crusade, Judah realized the plight of his people. In his most famous work, The Kuzari, HaLevi foreshadowed the philosophy of Zionism and Jewish nationalism.

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Only edition of this grammatical work by R. David Kimhi (Radak). Et Sofer is an abridgement of Radak’s Mikhlol, a two part work consiting of a grammatical portion (Helek ha-Dikduk) which itself came to be known as the Mikhlol and the lexicon (Helek ha-Inyan) known independently as the Sefer ha-Shorashim. A clear and lucid grammar of the Hebrew language. Radak wrote this manual for copyists of the Bible, necessitated by widespread ignorance among scribes and the proliferation of biblical manuscript traditions in the 12th century. In it he treats in detail such problems as the keri and the ketiv and the accents. The title page states that it has been transcribed from the large ancient Bible in the library at Paris. A second title page lists the supervising members members of the Mekize Nirdamim Society. There are prefatory remarks for the reader, Radak’s introduction, and the text in a single column in square letters.

R. David Kimhi (Radak, c.1160-c. 1235) was the son of R. Joseph Kimhi (c. 1105–c. 1170), not only a renowned grammarian, but also an accomplished exegete, poet, translator and polemicist. Joseph, who died when Radak was only ten, had relocated the family from Spain to Narbonne, Provence, to escape the Almohad persecutions. Radak was raised by his brother R. Moses Kimhi, also a grammarian and exegete of note. It is Radak, however, who is the most illustrious member of this distinguished family, excelling in a variety of fields, but most notably as a Bible commentator and grammarian. He was also a defender of Maimonides in the dispute over the Moreh Nevukhim. He has been widely praised not only in Jewish but also in non-Jewish circles. A Jewish maxim, "If there is no flour (kemah, etymon of Kimhi) there is no Torah", indicates the essential place given to his works.